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Long-term Phytoplankton Dynamics in Ecosystem
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Long-term Phytoplankton Dynamics in Ecosystem

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2021) | Viewed by 9548

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Vladimir Silkin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Southern Branch, Krasnodar Region, Gelendzik, Russia
Interests: phytoplankton ecology; biological carbon pump; pelagic ecosystem; climate change
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine phytoplankton plays a crucial role in the regulation of the planet's climate, this component of the ecosystem captures and transfers atmospheric carbon to the deep layers of the ocean or to the ocean floor. At the same time, climate is an important regulator of phytoplankton. In the phytoplankton community, every year, there are regular changes associated with the change of dominant species, some reaching the bloom level. Climate affects the productivity and structure of phytoplankton, as well as the phenology of blooms. It is possible to reveal the influence of climate only with the use of a long-term series of observations. In addition, only long-term dynamics allow us to identify complex relationships in the chain—the physical processes and hydrochemical conditions of phytoplankton—and understand the main mechanisms of ecosystem functioning. Recently, remote sensing methods have been actively used to identify climate trends. In order to understand the importance of these methods, it is necessary to remember that they have known limitations. Therefore, direct measurements are of particular importance. Given the importance of long-term observations, our journal proposes to organize a Special Issue, in which shifts in the structure and productivity of the phytoplankton community and phenology of the bloom are traced (or not traced) using long-term observations. It is possible to use a long-term series of direct measurements, remote sensing results, and a combination of different methods.

Dr. Vladimir Silkin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Phytoplankton
  • Structure
  • Diatoms
  • Dinoflagellates
  • Coccolithophores
  • Physical forcing
  • Hydrochemical conditions

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 18444 KiB  
Article
Seasonal and Long-Term Variability of Coccolithophores in the Black Sea According to Remote Sensing Data and the Results of Field Investigations
by Sergey V. Vostokov, Anastasia S. Vostokova and Svetlana V. Vazyulya
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(1), 97; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmse10010097 - 12 Jan 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 1848
Abstract
Based on satellite data from the SeaWiFS, MODIS-Aqua, and MODIS-Terra scanners, the long-term dynamics of coccolithophores in the Black Sea and their large-scale heterogeneity have been studied. During the twenty years in May and June, mass development of coccolithophores population of different intensities [...] Read more.
Based on satellite data from the SeaWiFS, MODIS-Aqua, and MODIS-Terra scanners, the long-term dynamics of coccolithophores in the Black Sea and their large-scale heterogeneity have been studied. During the twenty years in May and June, mass development of coccolithophores population of different intensities was recorded annually. Summer blooms of coccolithophores reached peak levels in 2006, 2012, and 2017, after abnormally cold winters. It was noted that in conditions of low summer temperatures, the blooming of coccolithophores could be significantly reduced or acquire a local character (2004). In the anomalous cold summer of 2001, coccolithophore blooms was replaced by the mass growth of diatoms. Over twenty years, numerous signs of coccolithophores mass development in the cold season have been revealed. Winter blooms develop mainly in warm winters with periods of low wind activity. The formation of a thermocline and the surface layer’s stability are essential factors for initiating winter blooms of coccolithophores. It was noted that after the winter blooms of coccolithophores, their summer growth was poorly expressed. It is shown that during periods of rapid growth, the bulk of coccolithophores is concentrated in the upper mixed layer and thermocline. During the blooming period, the share of coccolithophores in phytoplankton biomass constituted 70–85%. The intensity of coccolithophore’s blooms is associated with the previous diatoms’ growth level. The effect of eddies circulation on the distribution and growth of coccolithophores is considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long-term Phytoplankton Dynamics in Ecosystem)
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19 pages, 3194 KiB  
Article
Annual Dynamics of Phytoplankton in the Black Sea in Relation to Wind Exposure
by Vladimir Silkin, Alexander S. Mikaelyan, Larisa Pautova and Alexey Fedorov
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(12), 1435; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmse9121435 - 15 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2152
Abstract
Studies of the annual dynamics of phytoplankton in the NE Black Sea at two stations on the shelf and the continental slope were conducted in 2016, 2017, and 2019. The species composition of phytoplankton has not undergone significant changes compared to previous decades. [...] Read more.
Studies of the annual dynamics of phytoplankton in the NE Black Sea at two stations on the shelf and the continental slope were conducted in 2016, 2017, and 2019. The species composition of phytoplankton has not undergone significant changes compared to previous decades. The coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi, small flagellates, and diatoms determined the abundance of phytoplankton; and diatoms, coccolithophores, and dinoflagellates determined the total biomass. The annual dynamics of the satellite-derived chlorophyll-a showed peaks in spring and autumn, and sometimes in summer. During the stratified water column period, strong winds in most cases led to a detectible increase in chlorophyll-a. The annual dynamics of phytoplankton followed the pattern: small diatoms (spring) → coccolithophores (late spring, early summer) → large diatoms (summer, autumn). Such a pattern was typical for the previous decades. Coccolithophores dominated in weak SE winds, diatoms in NE winds. The combined effect of sustained offshore wind and strong current can cause diatom blooms during stratified water, even if the wind velocity is moderate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long-term Phytoplankton Dynamics in Ecosystem)
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18 pages, 4216 KiB  
Article
Phytoplankton Distribution in Mar Menor Coastal Lagoon (SE Spain) during 2017
by Juan Soria, Gema Caniego, Nuria Hernández-Sáez, Jose Antonio Dominguez-Gomez and Manuel Erena
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(8), 600; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmse8080600 - 12 Aug 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2778
Abstract
The Mar Menor is a Spanish coastal lagoon of great ecological and economic interest. The agricultural and tourist activities developed in the surroundings of the lagoon, together with the modifications in its channels of connection with the Mediterranean Sea, have notably affected the [...] Read more.
The Mar Menor is a Spanish coastal lagoon of great ecological and economic interest. The agricultural and tourist activities developed in the surroundings of the lagoon, together with the modifications in its channels of connection with the Mediterranean Sea, have notably affected the quality of its waters, which is altering the natural balance of the ecosystem. In this work, an analysis of the density of phytoplankton present in the lagoon between the months of May to December 2017 was carried out. The results indicate a significant increase in phytoplankton density between 2500 and 67,300 cells/mL compared to previous data of 1981 (between 10 and 500 cells/mL). Concentration of Chlorophyll-a arrives to 13 µg/L and transparency of water reduces to 1.3 m according to Secchi disk depth. The presence of Chlorophyceae, Chrysophyceae, and nanoplanktonic Cryptophyceae stands out, while species diversity drops significantly. Observing the evolution of the lagoon, we can deduce that eutrophication process could increase. To avoid this, it would be necessary to implement control measures for the use of fertilizers in nearby growing areas and to study water treatment techniques to reduce nitrogen inputs so that phytoplankton densities can decrease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long-term Phytoplankton Dynamics in Ecosystem)
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Review

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13 pages, 3532 KiB  
Review
Long-Term Variations in Species Composition of Bloom-Forming Toxic Pseudo-nitzschia Diatoms in the North-Western Sea of Japan during 1992–2015
by Inna V. Stonik
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(6), 568; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmse9060568 - 24 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1752
Abstract
This review aimed to summarize original and published data on the bloom events caused by toxic diatoms of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia and to assess long-term variations in the composition of bloom-forming species in the northwestern Sea of Japan during 1992−2015. This information is [...] Read more.
This review aimed to summarize original and published data on the bloom events caused by toxic diatoms of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia and to assess long-term variations in the composition of bloom-forming species in the northwestern Sea of Japan during 1992−2015. This information is crucial to understanding the potential threat of toxic blooms and their effects. A change in species composition was observed within the genus Pseudo-nitzschia: it was dominated by Pseudo-nitzschiamultiseries during 1992–1993, 2002, and a shift towards the dominance of Pseudo-nitzschiamultistriata and Pseudo-nitzschiacalliantha occurred in 2005–2015. We assume that the increased sea surface temperature recorded from Amursky Bay in the period of 1998–2009 compared to the data of 1980–1989 might be one of the causative factors for the shift observed. The absence of highly toxic Pseudo-nitzschiamultiseries among the bloom-forming species is considered as one of the possible explanations for the lack of damage from the blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia over the past 15 years in the study area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long-term Phytoplankton Dynamics in Ecosystem)
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