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Poultry, Volume 1, Issue 1 (March 2022) – 5 articles

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14 pages, 348 KiB  
Article
Effects of Varying Levels of Dietary DL-Methionine Supplementation on Breast Meat Quality of Male and Female Broilers
by Anthony Pokoo-Aikins, Jennifer Rumsey Timmons, Byungrok Rok Min, William Robert Lee, Samuel Njoroge Mwangi, Callie Megan McDonough and Chongxiao Chen
Poultry 2022, 1(1), 40-53; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/poultry1010005 - 17 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2520
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of feeding varying levels of dietary DL-methionine (MET) supplementation on breast meat (BM) quality of broilers of different sex. The 1-day-old, sexed chicks (Ross 708, 1552) were randomly allocated into four groups (each with 4 replicates) and were [...] Read more.
This study evaluated the effects of feeding varying levels of dietary DL-methionine (MET) supplementation on breast meat (BM) quality of broilers of different sex. The 1-day-old, sexed chicks (Ross 708, 1552) were randomly allocated into four groups (each with 4 replicates) and were raised with diets supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1, or 2 g MET/kg of feed to a common weight (2.72 kg). Color, pH, drip loss (DL), water-holding capacity, moisture uptake, cooking yield (CY), texture, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and lipid oxidation (LO) were determined using BM samples harvested 24 h postmortem. The male BM had higher redness, TAC, firmness, and toughness but lower yellowness (p < 0.01) than the female BM. In both sexes, birds fed 0.5 g/kg MET had lower DL (p < 0.01) than those fed 1 and 2 g/kg MET. For storage up to 3 days, MET suppressed LO in cooked BM (p < 0.01) and suppression increased as MET increased. CY for 1 and 2 g/kg MET were higher (p < 0.01; 79.04 and 78.60%, respectively) than CY for 0 and 0.5 g/kg MET (66.18 and 68.03%, respectively). These results suggest that MET supplementation at 1 g/kg or higher for broilers can improve oxidative stability, muscle functionality, and breast meat CY. Full article
10 pages, 274 KiB  
Article
Influence of Varying Dietary Kudzu Leaf Meal Particle Size on Performance, Breast Weight, and Organ Weight of Broiler Chickens from 1 to 21 Days of Age
by Kevin M. Downs, Joseph P. Gulizia, Emily K. Stafford and Wilmer J. Pacheco
Poultry 2022, 1(1), 30-39; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/poultry1010004 - 15 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2189
Abstract
This research evaluated the influence of kudzu leaf meal particle size on body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, breast weight, and organ weights of broilers. Treatments (4) included a control and kudzu leaf meal added to replace 2.5% soybean meal in a broiler [...] Read more.
This research evaluated the influence of kudzu leaf meal particle size on body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, breast weight, and organ weights of broilers. Treatments (4) included a control and kudzu leaf meal added to replace 2.5% soybean meal in a broiler starter diet at three particle sizes (1.00, 2.00, and 3.35 mm). Dietary treatments were fed to 240 male broilers over a 21 day grow out. Overall, there were no significant treatment effects for body weight, feed consumption, breast weight, or organ weights. There were no treatment effects for day 1 to 7 feed conversion (p > 0.05). There tended to be treatment differences for day 1 to 14 feed conversion (p = 0.052) and a significant effect between day 1 to 21 (p = 0.002). Feed conversion between day 1 to 21 was depressed at the 1.00 mm kudzu particle size. Based on this study, kudzu remains a viable protein source for inclusion in broiler diets and a particle size of 2 to 3 mm would be recommended. Full article
16 pages, 3043 KiB  
Article
Nutrigenomics in Animal Feeding: Digital Gene Expression Analysis in Poultry Fed Tenebrio molitor Larvae Meal
by Dominga Soglia, Irene Viola, Joana Nery, Sandra Maione, Stefano Sartore, Emiliano Lasagna, Francesco Perini, Marta Gariglio, Valentina Bongiorno, Riccardo Moretti, Stefania Chessa, Paola Sacchi, Domenico Bergero, Ilaria Biasato, Laura Gasco and Achille Schiavone
Poultry 2022, 1(1), 14-29; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/poultry1010003 - 26 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3142
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high levels of Tenebrio molitor dietary inclusion (15%) on molecular mechanisms that influence poultry health in a broiler chicken diet. The global gene expression of four tissues (breast, liver, jejunum, and [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high levels of Tenebrio molitor dietary inclusion (15%) on molecular mechanisms that influence poultry health in a broiler chicken diet. The global gene expression of four tissues (breast, liver, jejunum, and caecum) was evaluated using the RNA-Seq approach. The analysis of differentially expressed genes suggested that the use of Tenebrio molitor leads to the overexpression of genes related to protein elongation required for tissue growth and development in the gut and liver. It would also appear to contain nutrients that reduce the expression of genes related to the immune system and inflammation of the mucosa. The dietary inclusion of Tenebrio molitor in poultry could also lead to a possible inactivation of the growth factor and a reduction of tissue free-radicals. No genes alterations have been detected in liver RNA expression that would discourage the use of larvae in feeding broilers. Full article
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11 pages, 1028 KiB  
Article
Productive Performance of Mexican Creole Pullets and Immature Males Fed Different Levels of Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein
by Miguel Ángel Matus-Aragón, Josafhat Salinas-Ruiz, Fernando González-Cerón, Eliseo Sosa-Montes, Arturo Pro-Martínez, Omar Hernández-Mendo, Juan Manuel Cuca-García, Sergio Iban Mendoza-Pedroza and Berenice Hernández-Blancas
Poultry 2022, 1(1), 3-13; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/poultry1010002 - 4 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2499
Abstract
Mexican Creole birds are a poorly researched genetic resource whose nutritional requirements are unknown. The objective was to evaluate the productive performance and nutrient use efficiency of Mexican Creole birds, using four diets with different concentrations of metabolizable energy (EM, MJ/kg) and crude [...] Read more.
Mexican Creole birds are a poorly researched genetic resource whose nutritional requirements are unknown. The objective was to evaluate the productive performance and nutrient use efficiency of Mexican Creole birds, using four diets with different concentrations of metabolizable energy (EM, MJ/kg) and crude protein (PC, g/kg). The experimental diets with constant ME/CP ratios equal to 0.06, were: 12.55/200, 11.92/190, 11.30/180 and 10.67/170. One hundred and ninety-two 12-week-old creole birds (96 males and 96 females) were randomly distributed amongst the diets (24 males and 24 females each). Due to the diet × sex interaction, males fed the 10.67/170 diet had higher feed intake, and males under 10.67/170, 11.92/190 and 11.30/180 had higher final body weight and weight gain than the other birds. Feed conversion ratio was lower in birds with diets 12.55/200 and 11.92/190. Total body fat retention was higher in females with the diet 12.55/200, 11.92/190 and 11.30/180. In conclusion, males with the 10.67/170 (lowest ME and CP) diet showed a high productive performance, without compromising carcase yield and body composition, while females with all diets did not show differences in productive performance, carcass yield and body composition. Full article
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2 pages, 159 KiB  
Editorial
Basic and Applied Research to Sustain Health, Welfare and Production of Poultry
by Michael Hess
Poultry 2022, 1(1), 1-2; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/poultry1010001 - 3 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2322
Abstract
In recent years poultry meat became the main animal protein for human consumption on a global level with a continuous increase being predicted [...] Full article
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