Predicting Coordination Variability of Selected Lower Extremity Couplings during a Cutting Movement: An Investigation of Deep Neural Networks with the LSTM Structure
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Instruments
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Data Processing
2.4.1. Initial Data Processing
2.4.2. A Quantitative Approach to Coordination
2.5. Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Network Algorithm Model
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Shapiro-Wilk
3.2. SnPM1d
3.3. Performance of LSTM Model
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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CM Direction (°) | Significance (p) | |
---|---|---|
90 | 0.012748 | |
Thigh A/A-Leg F/E | 135 | 0.000870 |
180 | 0.000436 | |
90 | 0.000119 | |
Hip R-Knee F/E | 135 | 0.000002 |
180 | 0.000003 | |
90 | 0.007998 | |
Knee F/E-Ankle R | 135 | 0.000006 |
180 | 0.000227 | |
90 | 0.000960 | |
Vertical ground reaction force | 135 | 0.000756 |
180 | 0.000327 |
The Couplings | Direction (°) | Mean (SD) | Max (SD) | Post Hoc Test | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thigh A/A-Leg F/E | 90 | 0.564 (0.019) | 0.690 (0.014) | p < 0.001 (68–100% stride) | p < 0.001 (72–100% stride) |
135 | 0.588 (0.012) | 0.699 (0.007) | — | p > 0.05 | |
180 | 0.575 (0.012) | 0.697 (0.007) | — | — | |
Hip R-Knee F/E | 90 | 0.554 (0.020) | 0.688 (0.008) | p < 0.001 (69–91% stride) | p < 0.001 (56–63% stride; 75–100% stride) |
135 | 0.575 (0.012) | 0.697 (0.010) | — | p > 0.05 | |
180 | 0.575 (0.014) | 0.697 (0.020) | — | — | |
Knee F/E-Ankle R | 90 | 0.543 (0.020) | 0.685 (0.008) | p < 0.001 (72–100% stride) | p < 0.001 (77–100% stride) |
135 | 0.566 (0.016) | 0.698 (0.006) | — | p > 0.05 | |
180 | 0.555 (0.016) | 0.695 (0.017) | — | — |
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Shao, E.; Mei, Q.; Ye, J.; Ugbolue, U.C.; Chen, C.; Gu, Y. Predicting Coordination Variability of Selected Lower Extremity Couplings during a Cutting Movement: An Investigation of Deep Neural Networks with the LSTM Structure. Bioengineering 2022, 9, 411. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering9090411
Shao E, Mei Q, Ye J, Ugbolue UC, Chen C, Gu Y. Predicting Coordination Variability of Selected Lower Extremity Couplings during a Cutting Movement: An Investigation of Deep Neural Networks with the LSTM Structure. Bioengineering. 2022; 9(9):411. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering9090411
Chicago/Turabian StyleShao, Enze, Qichang Mei, Jingyi Ye, Ukadike C. Ugbolue, Chaoyi Chen, and Yaodong Gu. 2022. "Predicting Coordination Variability of Selected Lower Extremity Couplings during a Cutting Movement: An Investigation of Deep Neural Networks with the LSTM Structure" Bioengineering 9, no. 9: 411. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering9090411